New Resources: Two Articles by Donna Bain Butler

I am thrilled to offer two articles from contributor Donna Bain Butler today. First is a study by Professors Bain Butler, Wei, and Zhou on "Cultural Influence in Academic English Writing: An International Perspective," published in InterCom. The study looks at two groups of graduate student writers, Thai and Chinese, and tries to "distinguish between academic cultures" and to "identify the strategies they use for composing academic English assignments and abstracts."

Because of the pervasiveness of English language instruction around the world, it should not be surprising that students come to the United States with preconceived notions of what is academic English writing. In fact, as the study finds, the students' varying cultural backgrounds mean their notions of academic writing and the writing process in English may be quite different from one another.

Link to the article: http://newsmanager.commpartners.com/tesolicis/issues/2013-02-13/2.html


The second paper by Professor Bain Butler concerns content-based language teaching (CBLT), such as teaching legal writing to foreign-trained lawyers. "Integrating Content and Language Learning" was submitted to the École de langues at the University of Quebec at Montreal (UQAM) Meeting on English Language Teaching (MELT), August 21, 2012, and published in the proceedings.

In the Discussion section, Bain Butler expands on three general CBLT principles to develop communicative competence: "(1) increasing sources of information; (2) decreasing complexity of concept, text, or task; and (3) increasing interaction." She also discusses giving L2 writers concrete tools to improve their writing process as well as encouraging L2 writers to evaluate their own writing product.

The paper is a must read for anyone teaching content-based courses to non-native English speakers, especially in an academic (legal) writing setting. In addition to the topics mentioned above, Professor Bain Butler touches on cross-cultural literacy and plagiarism, student-centered teaching, and collaboration between disciplines.

Link to the article [PDF]: https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B_Fc1OvZbd6_UnVkRzgwWlUyV0E/edit?usp=sharing

Global Legal Skills Conference 2013 in Costa Rica

The 8th Global Legal Skills Conference was held in San Jose, Costa Rica, March 11-13. What a great conference! Presentations included an amazing array of topics, including the following (just to name a few): 

• The Importance of Teaching International Students to Read Before Teaching Them How to Write
• Academic Legal Writing
• Creating Collaborations: Connecting the Law School Writing Center to the International Human Rights Clinic
• Technology in the Classroom
• How Gender and Cross-Cultural Communication Can Enhance or Interfere with Global Legal Skills
• Incorporating Field Trips to Teach the U.S. Legal System
• International Legal Research
• Introduction to Law and Legal Education in Costa Rica and Central America

As part of the conference, we had the opportunity to visit the Supreme Court of Costa Rica, the Inter-American Court of Human Rights and the U.S. Embassy. Some of us also had the opportunity to travel in Costa Rica before or after the conference, which was fantastic and a welcome respite (for me) from the winter weather of the Midwest. 

My presentation "Patch Writing: Plagiarism or Part of the Writing Process?" discussed the difficulties of paraphrasing from sources, especially for international students, and how to deal with too much borrowing of the original language as part of the writing pedagogy, rather than as a practice to be condemned. I'd be happy to share my presentation PowerPoint and/or sources if anyone is interested. 

I plan to write a longer, more in-depth, post on patch writing in the near future, but until then, Professor Rebecca Moore Howard of Syracuse University provides a nice bibliography on her website: http://www.rebeccamoorehoward.com/bibliographies/patchwriting.

New Books for Teaching International Law Students

A couple of books have been published recently that may be of interest to teachers of international law students: 


An American Constitutional History Course for Non American Students

This course provides an overview of the American Constitutional History, and it is aimed to Law students primarily in countries outside of the Anglo-Saxon legal system. The course is organized in seven themes, namely The Colonial Origins of the American Constitutionalism; The Constitutions of the Revolution – 1776-1780; The Process of Federation – 1776-1789; Early Changes to the Constitution; The Civil War and the Reconstruction Era; The Progressive Era and the New Deal; and Civil Rights in the Second Half of the 20th Century. Through this chronological trip, the student should get a comprehensive view of the main characteristics of the American constitutional system and its evolution through time. The process of learning is based, primarily, on the study of legal documents, such as the early Royal Chapters of the colonists or the Constitution and its Amendments, and some landmark opinions of the Supreme Court of the United States.

International Legal English

"A practical course book for speakers of English as a second language" that includes pronunciation, grammar, and listening materials. 

H/T Legal Research Plus

TED Talk: Alan Siegel: Let's simplify legal jargon!

In one of the "In Less Than 6 Minutes" TED Talks, Alan Siegel decries the length and complexity of legal documents and calls for a simple approach in plain English. 

"What are we going to do about it? I define simplicity as a means to achieving clarity,transparency and empathy, building humanity into communications."

It's a short talk, but his message about using plain English and building humanity into legal communication is an important one for our students to hear and understand. 

Alan Siegel: Let's simplify legal jargon! 

Checklists Redux

I posted before about Jennifer Murphy Romig's guest blog in the “Project Management for Lawyers” series on Think Like a Lawyer. The final installment was posted yesterday. Enjoy! 

1. Checklists for Legal Writing
2. Using Checklists for Writing Particular Types of Legal Documents
3. Checklists for the Process of Legal Writing: Thinking Outside the Box and Aristotle on an App
4. Checklists for Legal Writing: Writing in Teams

New Resource: International Journal of Law, Language & Discourse

In the event you are not aware of it already, I'd like to introduce the International Journal of Law, Language & Discourse. You will need to register (free) at the site to access most of the articles, but I promise it's worth it. 

The International Journal of Law, Language & Discourse is an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural peer-reviewed scholarly journal, integrating academic areas of law, linguistics, discourse analysis, psychology and sociology, presenting articles related to legal issues, review of cases, comments and opinions on legal cases and serving as a practical resource for lawyers, judges, legislators, applied linguists, discourse analysts and those academics who teach the future legal generations.

In particular, I found Craig Hoffman's article, "Using Discourse Analysis Methodology to Teach 'Legal English,'" to be relevant and quite interesting.  

Professor Hoffman describes a class he developed and teaches in the LL.M. program at Georgetown University Law Center called United States Legal Discourse.  He gives the why and how of developing a new approach to teaching legal writing to international students, including the syllabus for a one-semester course. When designing the course, Professor Hoffman found that international LL.M. students' "unfamiliarity with the English language was much less problematic than their unfamiliarity with our federal common law legal system and the conventions of U.S. Legal Discourse." As a linguist-lawyer, I think this makes a lot of sense. 

Craig Hoffman, Using Discourse Analysis Methodology to Teach “Legal English”, Int'l J.L. Lang. & Discourse, Sept. 2011, at 1-19.  

Guest Post: Book Review

Donna Bain Butler of American University's Washington College of Law offers her very thorough and well-written book review of Academic Writing and Plagiarism: A Linguistic Analysis by Diane Pecorari. As Professor Bain Butler noted to me in an email, the book "gives insight into plagiarism: a topic not clearly understood, especially when it comes to international LL.M. academic writers."

I appreciate Professor Bain Butler's thoughtful evaluation of the Pecorari text, and I appreciate her bringing the text to my attention, especially the concept of "patchwriting as a stage in the process of acquiring academic literacy." More on this in a later post.

To access the book review, please click on the link below:

Bain Butler, D. (2011). Applied Linguistics; Discourse Analysis. [Review of the book  Academic Writing and Plagiarism: A Linguistic Analysis]. Retrieved May 24, 2011 from LINGUIST List database http://linguistlist.org/issues/22/22-2179.html